Exercise & Cancer

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Cancer & Exercise: Prevention & Recovery

Kenneth S. Pope, Ph.D., ABPP

The resources I gathered on this page are intended to help people with cancer, their loved ones, and their clinicians find recent research on the relationship between cancer and exercise, particularly the use of various kinds of exercise to reduce the risk of cancer, to decrease fatigue and other side-effects of cancer treatments, and to promote recovery. The 211 articles on this page were published from 2009 to the present.

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PLEASE NOTE: This web site includes 8 other pages of related sets of resources:

Cancer & Exercise:

  1. Adamsen, L., Quist, M., Andersen, C., Moller, T., Herrstedt, J., Kronborg, D., et al. (2009). Effect of a multimodal high intensity exercise intervention in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy: randomised controlled trial. British Medical Journal, 339, b3410.
  2. Adkins, B. W. (2009). Maximizing exercise in breast cancer survivors. Clinical Journal Of Oncology Nursing, 13(6), 695-700.
  3. Alberga, A. S., Segal, R. J., Reid, R. D., Scott, C. G., Sigal, R. J., Khandwala, F., & Kenny, G. P. (2012). Age and androgen-deprivation therapy on exercise outcomes in men with prostate cancer. Support Care Cancer,I0(5), 971-981.
  4. Alfano, C. M., Day, J. M., Katz, M. L., Herndon, J. E., II, Bittoni, M. A., Oliveri, J. M., et al. (2009). Exercise and dietary change after diagnosis and cancer-related symptoms in long-term survivors of breast cancer: CALGB 79804. Psycho-Oncology, 18(2), 128-133.
  5. Anderson, R. T., Kimmick, G. G., McCoy, T. P., Hopkins, J., Levine, E., Miller, G., & Mihalko, S. L. (2012). A randomized trial of exercise on well-being and function following breast cancer surgery: The RESTORE trial. Journal of Cancer Survivorship, 6(2), 172-181.
  6. Andersen, A. H., Vinther, A., Poulsen, L. L., & Mellemgaard, A. (2011). Do patients with lung cancer benefit from physical exercise? Acta Oncologica, 50(2), 307-313.
  7. Antonelli, J., Freedland, S. J., & Jones, L. W. (2009). Exercise therapy across the prostate cancer continuum.  Prostate Cancer And Prostatic Diseases, 12(2), 110-115.
  8. Antonelli, J. A., Jones, L. W., Banez, L. L., Thomas, J. A., Anderson, K., Taylor, L. A., et al. (2009). Exercise and prostate cancer risk in a cohort of veterans undergoing prostate needle biopsy. The Journal of Urology, 182(5), 2226-2231.
  9. Arbane, G., Tropman, D., Jackson, D., & Garrod, R. (2011). Evaluation of an early exercise intervention after thoracotomy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), effects on quality of life, muscle strength and exercise tolerance: randomised controlled trial. Lung Cancer, 71(2), 229-234.
  10. Argiles, J. M., Busquets, S., Lopez-Soriano, F. J., Costelli, P., & Penna, F. (2012). Are there any benefits of exercise training in cancer cachexia? J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 3(2), 73-76.
  11. Arnold, M., & Taylor, N. F. (2010). Does exercise reduce cancer-related fatigue in hospitalised oncology patients? A systematic review.  Onkologie, 33(11), 625-630.
  12. Arnold, M. E., & Taylor, N. F. (2011). Exercise for patients with cancer: reducing disease-related fatigue. Future Oncology, 7(2), 165-167.
  13. Baumann, F. T., Zopf, E. M., & Bloch, W. (2012). Clinical exercise interventions in prostate cancer patients--a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Support Care Cancer, 20(2), 221-233.
  14. Beaton, R., Pagdin-Friesen, W., Robertson, C., Vigar, C., Watson, H., & Harris, S. R. (2009). Effects of exercise intervention on persons with metastatic cancer: a systematic review. Physiotherapy Canada / Physiotherapie Canada, 61(3), 141-153.
  15. Becze, E. (2012). Studies support value of exercise in patients at different stages of cancer. ONS Connect, 27(7), 16-17.
  16. Bernardo, L. M., Abt, K. L., Ren, D., & Bender, C. (2010). Self-reported exercise during breast cancer treatment: Results of a national survey. Cancer Nursing, 33(4), 304-309.
  17. Bernstein, L. (2009). Exercise and breast cancer prevention. Current Oncology Reports, 11(6), 490-496.
  18. Bicego, D., Brown, K., Ruddick, M., Storey, D., Wong, C., & Harris, S. R. (2009). Effects of exercise on quality of life in women living with breast cancer: a systematic review.  The Breast Journal, 15(1), 45-51.
  19. Blacklock, R., Rhodes, R., Blanchard, C., & Gaul, C. (2010). Effects of exercise intensity and self-efficacy on state anxiety with breast cancer survivors. Oncology Nursing Forum, 37(2), 206-212.
  20. Blaney, J., Lowe-Strong, A., Rankin, J., Campbell, A., Allen, J., & Gracey, J. (2010). The cancer rehabilitation journey: barriers to and facilitators of exercise among patients with cancer-related fatigue.  Physical therapy, 90(8), 1135-1147.
  21. Block, K. I. (2011). Exercise prescriptions for cancer patients. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 10(1), 3-5.
  22. Brown, J. C., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Pescatello, L. S., Pescatello, S. M., Ferrer, R. A., & Johnson, B. T. (2011). Efficacy of exercise interventions in modulating cancer-related fatigue among adult cancer survivors: a meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 20(1), 123-133.
  23. Brown, J. C., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Pescatello, L. S., Ryan, S. M., Pescatello, S. M., Moker, E., & Johnson, B. T. (2012). The efficacy of exercise in reducing depressive symptoms among cancer survivors: A meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 7(1).
  24. Burkert, S., Knoll, N., Luszczynska, A., & Gralla, O. (2012). The interplay of dyadic and individual planning of pelvic-floor exercise in prostate-cancer patients following radical prostatectomy. J Behav Med, 35(3), 305-317.
  25. Burr, J. F., Jones, L., & Shephard, R. J. (2012). Physical activity for cancer patients: Clinical risk assessment for exercise clearance and prescription. Can Fam Physician, 58(9), 970-973.
  26. Cadmus, L. A., Salovey, P., Yu, H., Chung, G., Kasl, S., & Irwin, M. L. (2009). Exercise and quality of life during and after treatment for breast cancer: Results of two randomized controlled trials. Psycho-Oncology, 18(4), 343-352.
  27. Campbell, K. L., Neil, S. E., & Winters-Stone, K. M. (2011). Review of exercise studies in breast cancer survivors: attention to principles of exercise training. British Journal of Sports Medicine.
  28. Campbell, A., Stevinson, C., & Crank, H. (2012). The BASES Expert Statement on exercise and cancer survivorship. [Review]. J Sports Sci, 30(9), 949-952.
  29. Carvalho, A. P., Vital, F. M., & Soares, B. G. (2012). Exercise interventions for shoulder dysfunction in patients treated for head and neck cancer. [Meta-Analysis Review]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 4, CD008693.
  30. Cavanaugh, K. M. (2011). Effects of early exercise on the development of lymphedema in patients with breast cancer treated with axillary lymph node dissection. Journal of Oncology Practice / American Society of Clinical Oncology, 7(2), 89-93.
  31. Chan, D. N., Lui, L. Y., & So, W. K. (2010). Effectiveness of exercise programmes on shoulder mobility and lymphoedema after axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer: systematic review.  Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(9), 1902-1914.
  32. Chan, C. L., Wang, C. W., Ho, R. T., Ng, S. M., Chan, J. S., Ziea, E. T., & Wong, V. C. (2012). A systematic review of the effectiveness of qigong exercise in supportive cancer care. Support Care Cancer, 20(6), 1121-1133.
  33. Chen, X., Lu, W., Zheng, Y., Gu, K., Chen, Z., Zheng, W., et al. (2010). Exercise, tea consumption, and depression among breast cancer survivors. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 28(6), 991-998.
  34. Chen, X., Zheng, Y., Zheng, W., Gu, K., Chen, Z., Lu, W., et al. (2009). The effect of regular exercise on quality of life among breast cancer survivors.  American Journal of Epidemiology, 170(7), 854-862.
  35. Cheville, A. L., Dose, A. M., Basford, J. R., & Rhudy, L. M. (2012). Insights into the reluctance of patients with late-stage cancer to adopt exercise as a means to reduce their symptoms and improve their function. J Pain Symptom Manage, 44(1), 84-94.
  36. Cheville, A. L., Girardi, J., Clark, M. M., Rummans, T. A., Pittelkow, T., Brown, P., et al. (2010). Therapeutic exercise during outpatient radiation therapy for advanced cancer: Feasibility and impact on physical well-being.  American Journal Of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitations, 89(8), 611-619.
  37. Cho, M. H., Dodd, M. J., Cooper, B. A., & Miaskowski, C. (2012). Comparisons of exercise dose and symptom severity between exercisers and nonexercisers in women during and after cancer treatment. J Pain Symptom Manage, 43(5), 842-854.
  38. Chou, F. Y., Dodd, M. J., & Paul, S. M. (2012). Timing and sustainability of an exercise intervention in women with breast cancer during and after cancer treatment. [Multicenter Study]. Oncol Nurs Forum, 39(1), 91-97.
  39. Clarkson, P. M., & Kaufman, S. A. (2010). Should resistance exercise be recommended during breast cancer treatment?  Medical Hypotheses, 75(2), 192-195.
  40. Courneya, K. S., Friedenreich, C. M., Reid, R. D., Gelmon, K., Mackey, J. R., Ladha, A. B., et al. (2009). Predictors of follow-up exercise behavior 6 months after a randomized trial of exercise training during breast cancer chemotherapy.  Breast cancer research and treatment, 114(1), 179-187.
  41. Courneya, K. S., Karvinen, K. H., McNeely, M. L., Campbell, K. L., Brar, S., Woolcott, C. G., .& Friedenreich, C. M. (2012). Predictors of adherence to supervised and unsupervised exercise in the Alberta physical activity and breast cancer prevention trial. J Phys Act Health, 9(6), 857-866.
  42. Craft, L. L., Vaniterson, E. H., Helenowski, I. B., Rademaker, A. W., & Courneya, K. S. (2012). Exercise effects on depressive symptoms in cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 21(1), 3-19.
  43. De Caro, E., Smeraldi, A., Trocchio, G., Calevo, M., Hanau, G., & Pongiglione, G. (2011). Subclinical cardiac dysfunction and exercise performance in childhood cancer survivors. Pediatric Blood & Cancer, 56(1), 122-126.
  44. Demark-Wahnefried, W., Morey, M. C., Sloane, R., Snyder, D. C., Miller, P. E., Hartman, T. J., & Cohen, H. J. (2012). Reach out to enhance wellness home-based diet-exercise intervention promotes reproducible and sustainable long-term improvements in health behaviors, body weight, and physical functioning in older, overweight/obese cancer survivors. J Clin Oncol, 30(19), 2354-2361.
  45. DeNysschen, C. A., Brown, J. K., Cho, M. H., & Dodd, M. J. (2011). Nutritional symptom and body composition outcomes of aerobic exercise in women with breast cancer. Clinical Nursing Research, 20(1), 29-46.
  46. Dodd, M. J., Cho, M. H., Miaskowski, C., Painter, P. L., Paul, S. M., Cooper, B. A., et al. (2010). A randomized controlled trial of home-based exercise for cancer-related fatigue in women during and after chemotherapy with or without radiation therapy. Cancer Nursing, 33(4), 245-257.
  47. Dolan, L. B., Gelmon, K., Courneya, K. S., Mackey, J. R., Segal, R. J., Lane, K., et al. (2010). Hemoglobin and aerobic fitness changes with supervised exercise training in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.  Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention, 19(11), 2826-2832.
  48. Duijts, S. F., Faber, M. M., Oldenburg, H. S., van Beurden, M., & Aaronson, N. K. (2011). Effectiveness of behavioral techniques and physical exercise on psychosocial functioning and health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients and survivors--a meta-analysis. Psycho-Oncology, 20(2), 115-126.
  49. Duijts, S. F., Oldenburg, H. S., van Beurden, M., & Aaronson, N. K. (2009). Cognitive behavioral therapy and physical exercise for climacteric symptoms in breast cancer patients experiencing treatment-induced menopause: design of a multicenter trial.. BMC Women's Health, 9, 15.
  50. Duijts, S. F. A., Faber, M. M., Oldenburg, H. S. A., van Beurden, M., & Aaronson, N. K. (2011). Effectiveness of behavioral techniques and physical exercise on psychosocial functioning and health-related quality of life in breast cancer patients and survivors—A meta-analysis. Psycho-Oncology, 20(2), 115-126.
  51. Eakin, E. G., Lawler, S. P., Winkler, E. A. H., & Hayes, S. C. (2012). A randomized trial of a telephone-delivered exercise intervention for non-urban dwelling women newly diagnosed with breast cancer: Exercise for health. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 43(2), 229-238.
  52. England, R., Maddocks, M., Manderson, C., & Wilcock, A. (2012). Factors influencing exercise performance in thoracic cancer. Respir Med, 106(2), 294-299.
  53. Evans, E. S., Battaglini, C. L., Groff, D. G., & Hackney, A. C. (2009). Aerobic exercise intensity in breast cancer patients: a preliminary investigation. . Integrative Cancer Therapies, 8(2), 139-147.
  54. Faul, L. A., Jim, H. S., Minton, S., Fishman, M., Tanvetyanon, T., & Jacobsen, P. B. (2011). Relationship of exercise to quality of life in cancer patients beginning chemotherapy.  Journal Of Pain And Symptom Management, 41(5), 859-869.
  55. Ferrer, R. A., Huedo-Medina, T. B., Johnson, B. T., Ryan, S., & Pescatello, L. S. (2011). Exercise interventions for cancer survivors: A meta-analysis of quality of life outcomes. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 41(1), 32-47.
  56. Fink, B. N., Weiner, J. G., Jordan, T. R., Thompson, A. J., Salvage, T. C., Coman, M., et al. (2010). Early stage breast cancer and its association with diet and exercise-related perceptions and behaviors to prevent recurrence. Breast Cancer: Basic And Clinical Research, 4, 65-72.
  57. Floyd, A., & Moyer, A. (2009). Group vs. individual exercise interventions for women with breast cancer: a meta-analysis. Health psychology review, 4(1), 22-41.
  58. Fong, D. Y., Ho, J. W., Hui, B. P., Lee, A. M., Macfarlane, D. J., Leung, S. S., et al. (2012). Physical activity for cancer survivors: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. British Medical Journal, 344, e70. doi: 10.1136/bmj.e70
  59. Friedenreich, C. M., Woolcott, C. G., McTiernan, A., Ballard-Barbash, R., Brant, R. F., Stanczyk, F. Z., et al. (2010). Alberta physical activity and breast cancer prevention trial: sex hormone changes in a year-long exercise intervention among postmenopausal women. . Journal of Clinical Oncology, 28(9), 1458-1466.
  60. Galvao, D. A., Spry, N., Taaffe, D. R., Denham, J., Joseph, D., Lamb, D. S., et al. (2009). A randomized controlled trial of an exercise intervention targeting cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors for prostate cancer patients from the RADAR trial. . BMC Cancer, 9, 419.
  61. Galvao, D. A., Taaffe, D. R., Spry, N., Joseph, D., & Newton, R. U. (2010). Combined resistance and aerobic exercise program reverses muscle loss in men undergoing androgen suppression therapy for prostate cancer without bone metastases: a randomized controlled trial.  Journal of Clinical Oncology, 28(2), 340-347.
  62. Gamble, G. L., & Cheville, A. L. (2009). Can physical exercise interventions benefit palliative cancer patients? The Journal of Supportive Oncology, 7(1), 35-36.
  63. Gho, S. A., Steele, J. R., & Munro, B. J. (2010). Is bra discomfort a barrier to exercise for breast cancer patients? Supportive Care in Cancer, 18(6), 735-741.
  64. Gjerset, G. M., Fossa, S. D., Courneya, K. S., Skovlund, E., & Thorsen, L. (2011). Exercise behavior in cancer survivors and associated factors.  Journal of cancer survivorship: research and practice, 5(1), 35-43.
  65. Goh, J., Kirk, E. A., Lee, S. X., & Ladiges, W. C. (2012). Exercise, physical activity and breast cancer: the role of tumor-associated macrophages. Exerc Immunol Rev, 18, 158-176.
  66. Gomez, A. M., Martinez, C., Fiuza-Luces, C., Herrero, F., Perez, M., Madero, L., et al. (2011). Exercise training and cytokines in breast cancer survivors. International journal of sports medicine, 32(6), 461-467.
  67. Granger, C., & Denehy, L. (2010). Exercise interventions following surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): the need for future randomised controlled trials. Lung cancer, 70(2), 228-229.
  68. Granger, C. L., McDonald, C. F., Berney, S., Chao, C., & Denehy, L. (2011). Exercise intervention to improve exercise capacity and health related quality of life for patients with Non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review. Lung cancer, 72(2), 139-153.
  69. Grimmett, C. (2011). Exercise and cancer survivorship. British journal of hospital medicine, 72(4), 196-199.
  70. Haines, T. P., Sinnamon, P., Wetzig, N. G., Lehman, M., Walpole, E., Pratt, T., et al. (2010). Multimodal exercise improves quality of life of women being treated for breast cancer, but at what cost? Randomized trial with economic evaluation.  Breast cancer research and treatment, 124(1), 163-175.
  71. Hansen, P. A., Dechet, C. B., Porucznik, C. A., & LaStayo, P. C. (2009). Comparing eccentric resistance exercise in prostate cancer survivors on and off hormone therapy. PM & R: the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation, 1(11), 1019-1024.
  72. Harrison, S. A., Hayes, S. C., & Newman, B. (2010). Age-related differences in exercise and quality of life among breast cancer survivors.  Medicine and science in sports and exercise, 42(1), 67-74.
  73. Hayes, S., Rye, S., Battistutta, D., Yates, P., Pyke, C., Bashford, J., et al. (2011). Design and implementation of the Exercise for Health trial - A pragmatic exercise intervention for women with breast cancer. Contemporary clinical trials, 32(4), 577-585.
  74. Hayes, S. C. (2010). Role of exercise in the prevention and management of lymphedema after breast cancer. [Comment]. Exercise and sport sciences reviews, 38(1), 2.
  75. Hayes, S. C., Spence, R. R., Galvao, D. A., & Newton, R. U. (2009). Australian Association for Exercise and Sport Science position stand: optimising cancer outcomes through exercise. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 12(4), 428-434.
  76. Hughes, D., Baum, G., Jovanovic, J., Carmack, C., Greisinger, A., & Basen-Engquist, K. (2010). An acute exercise session increases self-efficacy in sedentary endometrial cancer survivors and controls. Journal of Physical Activity & Health, 7(6), 784-793.
  77. Hughes, D. C., Lenihan, D. J., Harrison, C. A., & Basen-Engquist, K. M. (2011). Exercise Intervention for Cancer Survivors with Heart Failure: Two Case Reports. Journal of exercise science and fitness, 9(1), 65-73.
  78. Ingram, C., Wessel, J., & Courneya, K. S. (2010). Evaluating the benefits of exercise for women receiving adjuvant therapy for breast cancer: research challenges.  Canadian oncology nursing journal / Revue canadienne de nursing oncologique, 20(2), 96-98.
  79. Ingram, C., Wessel, J., & Courneya, K. S. (2010). Women's perceptions of home-based exercise performed during adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.  European journal of oncology nursing, 14(3), 238-243.
  80. Irwin, M. L., Alvarez-Reeves, M., Cadmus, L., Mierzejewski, E., Mayne, S. T., Yu, H., et al. (2009). Exercise improves body fat, lean mass, and bone mass in breast cancer survivors. Obesity, 17(8), 1534-1541.
  81. Irwin, M. L., Varma, K., Alvarez-Reeves, M., Cadmus, L., Wiley, A., Chung, G. G., et al. (2009). Randomized controlled trial of aerobic exercise on insulin and insulin-like growth factors in breast cancer survivors: the Yale Exercise and Survivorship study.. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention, 18(1), 306-313.
  82. James, E. L., Stacey, F., Chapman, K., Lubans, D. R., Asprey, G., Sundquist, K., et al. (2011). Exercise and nutrition routine improving cancer health (ENRICH): The protocol for a randomized efficacy trial of a nutrition and physical activity program for adult cancer survivors and carers. BMC public health, 11, 236.
  83. Jones, L. W., Douglas, P. S., Eves, N. D., Marcom, P. K., Kraus, W. E., Herndon, J. E., 2nd, et al. (2010). Rationale and design of the Exercise Intensity Trial (EXCITE): A randomized trial comparing the effects of moderate versus moderate to high-intensity aerobic training in women with operable breast cancer. BMC cancer, 10, 531.
  84. Jones, L. W., Eves, N. D., Haykowsky, M., Freedland, S. J., & Mackey, J. R. (2009). Exercise intolerance in cancer and the role of exercise therapy to reverse dysfunction.  The Lancet Oncology, 10(6), 598-605.
  85. Jones, L. W., Eves, N. D., Kraus, W. E., Potti, A., Crawford, J., Blumenthal, J. A., et al. (2010). The lung cancer exercise training study: a randomized trial of aerobic training, resistance training, or both in postsurgical lung cancer patients: rationale and design.. BMC cancer, 10, 155.
  86. Jones, L. W., Eves, N. D., & Peppercorn, J. (2010). Pre-exercise screening and prescription guidelines for cancer patients. The Lancet Oncology, 11(10), 914-916.
  87. Jones, L. W., Eves, N. D., Waner, E., & Joy, A. A. (2009). Exercise therapy across the lung cancer continuum. Current oncology reports, 11(4), 255-262.
  88. Jones, L. W., Hornsby, W. E., Goetzinger, A., Forbes, L. M., Sherrard, E. L., Quist, M., . . . Abernethy, A. P. (2012). Prognostic significance of functional capacity and exercise behavior in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer, 76(2), 248-252.
  89. Jones, L. W., Liang, Y., Pituskin, E. N., Battaglini, C. L., Scott, J. M., Hornsby, W. E., et al. (2011). Effect of exercise training on peak oxygen consumption in patients with cancer: a meta-analysis. The oncologist, 16(1), 112-120.
  90. Kapur, G., Windsor, P. M., & McCowan, C. (2010). The effect of aerobic exercise on treatment-related acute toxicity in men receiving radical external beam radiotherapy for localised prostate cancer.  European Journal of Cancer Care, 19(5), 643-647.
  91. Karvinen, K. H., Courneya, K. S., Plotnikoff, R. C., Spence, J. C., Venner, P. M., & North, S. (2009). A prospective study of the determinants of exercise in bladder cancer survivors using the Theory of Planned Behavior.  Supportive care in cancer, 17(2), 171-179.
  92. Kasikcioglu, E., Toker, A., Tanju, S., Arzuman, P., Kayserilioglu, A., Dilege, S., et al. (2009). Oxygen uptake kinetics during cardiopulmonary exercise testing and postoperative complications in patients with lung cancer. Lung cancer, 66(1), 85-88.
  93. Keogh, J. W. L., & MacLeod, R. D. (2012). Body composition, physical fitness, functional performance, quality of life, and fatigue benefits of exercise for prostate cancer patients: A systematic review. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 43(1), 96-110.
  94. Kilbreath, S. (2011). Early postoperative exercise improves shoulder range of motion in women with breast cancer compared with delayed exercise, but increases wound drainage volume and duration. Evidence-based nursing, 14(1), 2.
  95. Kim, C. J., Kang, D. H., & Park, J. W. (2009). A meta-analysis of aerobic exercise interventions for women with breast cancer. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 31(4), 437-461.
  96. Kim do, S., Sim, Y. J., Jeong, H. J., & Kim, G. C. (2010). Effect of active resistive exercise on breast cancer-related lymphedema: a randomized controlled trial.  Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 91(12), 1844-1848.
  97. Kim, S. H., Shin, M. S., Lee, H. S., Lee, E. S., Ro, J. S., Kang, H. S., et al. (2011). Randomized pilot test of a simultaneous stage-matched exercise and diet intervention for breast cancer survivors.  Oncology Nursing Forum, 38(2), E97-106.
  98. Klika, R. J., Callahan, K. E., & Drum, S. N. (2009). Individualized 12-week exercise training programs enhance aerobic capacity of cancer survivors. The Physician and sportsmedicine, 37(3), 68-77.
  99. Klika, R. J., Golik, K. S., Drum, S. N., Callahan, K. E., & Thorland, W. G. (2011). Comparison of physiological response to cardiopulmonary exercise testing among cancer survivors and healthy controls. European journal of applied physiology, 111(6), 1167-1176.
  100. Koelwyn, G. J., Jones, L. W., Hornsby, W., & Eves, N. D. (2012). Exercise therapy in the management of dyspnea in patients with cancer. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care, 6(2), 129-137
  101. Kuchinski, A. M., Reading, M., & Lash, A. A. (2009). Treatment-related fatigue and exercise in patients with cancer: a systematic review.  Medsurg nursing, 18(3), 174-180.
  102. Lakoski, S. G., Eves, N. D., Douglas, P. S., & Jones, L. W. (2012). Exercise rehabilitation in patients with cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol, 9(5), 288-296.
  103. Lastayo, P. C., Larsen, S., Smith, S., Dibble, L., & Marcus, R. (2010). The feasibility and efficacy of eccentric exercise with older cancer survivors: a preliminary study. Journal of geriatric physical therapy, 33(3), 135-140.
  104. LaStayo, P. C., Marcus, R. L., Dibble, L. E., Smith, S. B., & Beck, S. L. (2011). Eccentric exercise versus usual-care with older cancer survivors: the impact on muscle and mobility. BMC geriatrics, 11, 5.
  105. Latka, R. N., Alvarez-Reeves, M., Cadmus, L., & Irwin, M. L. (2009). Adherence to a randomized controlled trial of aerobic exercise in breast cancer survivors: The Yale exercise and survivorship study. Journal of Cancer Survivorship, 3(3), 148-157.
  106. Lebret, T., Coloby, P., Descotes, J. L., Droupy, S., Geraud, M., & Tombal, B. (2010). Educational tool-kit on diet and exercise: survey of prostate cancer patients about to receive androgen deprivation therapy. Urology, 76(6), 1434-1439.
  107. Lee, S. A., Kang, J. Y., Kim, Y. D., An, A. R., Kim, S. W., Kim, Y. S., et al. (2010). Effects of a scapula-oriented shoulder exercise programme on upper limb dysfunction in breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled pilot trial.  Clinical rehabilitation, 24(7), 600-613.
  108. Lee, T. S., Kilbreath, S. L., Sullivan, G., Refshauge, K. M., & Beith, J. M. (2010). Patient perceptions of arm care and exercise advice after breast cancer surgery. Oncology Nursing Forum, 37(1), 85-91.
  109. Lee, C. E., Kilgour, A. R., & Lau, Y. K. (2012). Efficacy of walking exercise in promoting cognitive-psychosocial functions in men with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy. BMC Cancer, 12(1), 324.
  110. Ligibel, J. A., Giobbie-Hurder, A., Olenczuk, D., Campbell, N., Salinardi, T., Winer, E. P., et al. (2009). Impact of a mixed strength and endurance exercise intervention on levels of adiponectin, high molecular weight adiponectin and leptin in breast cancer survivors. Cancer causes & control, 20(8), 1523-1528.
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